Efficacy of Intensive Lifestyle Modification with Meal Replacement for Sustainable Weight Loss and Improved Body Composition in Obese Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Nawinda Vanichakulthada*, Sunaree Pitchaiprasert, Rasintra Jaroenying, Sumalee Hantragool and Chutima Samhugkanee
ABSTRACT
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of intensive lifestyle modification (ILM) alone and in combination with meal replacement (MR) on weight loss and body composition among obese individuals. The research also investigates the sustainability of these interventions over 52 weeks.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 702 participants divided into three groups: ILM + MR, ILM only, and a non-ILM control group. Anthropometric and metabolic data were collected at baseline, 8 weeks, and 52 weeks. Outcomes were analyzed using ANOVA and paired t-tests to assess changes in weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), visceral fat, body fat percentages and body muscle percentages.
Findings: The ILM + MR group demonstrated the most significant improvements in weight (-14.43 kg), BMI (-5.54), and waist circumference (-7.41 inches) at 52 weeks (p < 0.001), alongside increased muscle mass (+2.33%) and reduced fat mass (-7.54%) [1,2]. The ILM-only group achieved moderate improvements, while the control group exhibited negligible or adverse changes [2]. These results underscore the enhanced effectiveness of combining ILM with MR compared to ILM alone.
Originality/Value: This study provides robust evidence supporting the integration of intensive lifestyle modification with or without meal replacements during the first 8 weeks programs for sustained weight loss and improved body composition. The findings contribute to the development of practical, scalable strategies for addressing obesity in public health settings, particularly in resource-limited environments.
